Corruption Watch has produced three process maps – two that describe the process of awarding mining licences and one that describes the process of obtaining environmental authorisation to mine.
Tools and Guides
Mining is an important feature of Zambia’s economy. Copper, cobalt, coal, gold, manganese and emeralds are among its most prominent minerals, accounting for just over 10 per cent of GDP and more than three quarters of total export value.
Diamonds are found in about a quarter of Sierra Leone in the south-east and east of the country. Thousands of mining licences are clustered around the drainage areas of the rivers in the Kong, Kenema and Bo Districts.
The process of awarding mining licences can be complex and complicated. These maps help users understand the process.
Mining, mostly gold and coal, contributes about 8.4 per cent to Kyrgyzstan’s economy. This map depicts the process for obtaining a licence for large-scale mining through a tender process – a process reserved for minerals of national importance
Ghana is Africa’s largest gold producer, and gold contributes to more than 90 per cent of the country’s total mineral exports. This map depicts the process of obtaining a prospecting licence for large-scale mineral extraction
Mexico is the world’s biggest producer of silver and the second largest gold producer in Latin America. It is also a top global producer of copper and zinc. This map depicts the process for granting an exploration concession title.
Madagascar contains numerous deposits of industrial and metallic minerals, as well as precious stones. Its mining industry is predominantly small-scale. These three maps describe the process of obtaining a prospecting authorisation, a small-scale prospecting and mining permit, and an exploration and extraction permit.
As mining licence processes differ across Argentina’s provinces, this map focuses on the north-western province of Jujuy. Mining contributes significantly to Jujuy’s economy, and the province has large reserves of lithium. This map depicts two licence processes: the first for exploration and the second for extraction.
Having effective systems in place to detect, prevent and manage corruption risks is a business imperative.